报告摘要：
Changes in climate due to anthropogenic carbon dioxide emission pose threats to both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. This“CO2 problem”leads to an increase in temperature, changes in carbonate chemistry, intensified stratification, and hypoxia in the coastal oceans. Understanding how these climate change related stressors impact coastal species are crucial for predicting population and community responses, and hence, sustainability of ecosystem functions and services. Many marine organisms have complex life histories. Often this life history includes a less mobile, benthic adult stage and a planktonic larval stage, responsible for dispersal. Both the number and physiological conditions of larvae arriving at settlement sites strongly influence the success of the population. However, planktonic larvae are also suggested to be the most vulnerable to environmental stressors. Here, I illustrate the use of a comparative and integrative approach, considering morphological, physiological, and behavioral impacts, to quantify stress responses in marine invertebrate larvae found at different latitudes. Our results highlights that these stressors independently and interactively elicit overall negative but highly variable responses. Most species experience developmental delay due to increase metabolic cost instead of outright mortality. Tropical species appeared to have narrow thermal safety factors; species with pre-exposure to variable pH exhibit short-term survival-favorable responses, budding and maintaining swimming, to acidification. These observations highlights plasticity and variability in responses to environmental stressors which has significant implications for short- and long-term ecosystem responses to global climate change.
